diff --git a/packages/backend/src/auth/auth.controller.ts b/packages/backend/src/auth/auth.controller.ts
index 43d73fc..b992f98 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/auth/auth.controller.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/auth/auth.controller.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { getDbInstance, runDb, getDb, allDb } from '../database/connection';
 import speakeasy from 'speakeasy';
 import qrcode from 'qrcode';
 import { PasskeyService } from '../services/passkey.service';
+import type { RegistrationResponseJSON } from '@simplewebauthn/server'; // 添加类型导入
 import { NotificationService } from '../services/notification.service';
 import { AuditLogService } from '../services/audit.service';
 import { ipBlacklistService } from '../services/ip-blacklist.service';
@@ -450,6 +451,7 @@ export const verifyPasskeyRegistration = async (req: Request, res: Response): Pr
     const expectedChallenge = req.session.currentChallenge;
     // 将 name 提取出来，其余部分作为 registrationData 对象
     const { name, ...registrationData } = req.body;
+    console.log(`[AuthController VerifyReg] Received request body: name=${name}, registrationData=${JSON.stringify(registrationData)}`); // Log received data
 
     if (!userId || req.session.requiresTwoFactor) {
         res.status(401).json({ message: '用户未认证或认证未完成。' });
@@ -485,16 +487,17 @@ export const verifyPasskeyRegistration = async (req: Request, res: Response): Pr
              // 这个检查理论上在函数开头已经做过，但为了类型安全和明确性再次检查
              throw new Error('无法获取用户 ID，无法验证 Passkey。');
         }
+        console.log(`[AuthController VerifyReg] Calling passkeyService.verifyRegistration with: userId=${userId}, expectedChallenge=${expectedChallenge}, hostname=${hostname}, origin=${origin}, name=${name}`); // Log parameters before calling service
 
         const verification = await passkeyService.verifyRegistration(
-            userId, // <-- 传递 userId 作为第一个参数
-            registrationData as any, // 将收集到的字段作为 registrationResponse 传递，可能需要类型断言
+            userId,
+            registrationData as RegistrationResponseJSON, // 将收集到的字段重新构造成符合类型的对象
             expectedChallenge,
             hostname,
             origin,
             name
         );
-
+        console.log(`[AuthController VerifyReg] Received verification result from service: verified=${verification.verified}`); // Log service result
 
         if (verification.verified && verification.registrationInfo) {
              const clientIp = req.ip || req.socket?.remoteAddress || 'unknown';
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/services/passkey.service.ts b/packages/backend/src/services/passkey.service.ts
index 640a4cf..a69bafc 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/services/passkey.service.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/services/passkey.service.ts
@@ -88,6 +88,9 @@ export class PasskeyService {
         passkeyName?: string
     ): Promise<VerifiedRegistrationResponse> {
 
+        console.log(`[PasskeyService VerifyReg] Received parameters: userId=${userId}, expectedChallenge=${expectedChallenge}, hostname=${hostname}, origin=${origin}, name=${passkeyName}`); // Log received parameters
+        console.log(`[PasskeyService VerifyReg] Received registrationResponse: ${JSON.stringify(registrationResponse)}`); // Log the raw registrationResponse
+
         const expectedRPID = hostname;
         const expectedOrigin = origin;
 
@@ -98,10 +101,13 @@ export class PasskeyService {
             expectedRPID: expectedRPID,
             requireUserVerification: true, // 强制要求用户验证, simplewebauthn defaults this to true now
         };
+        console.log(`[PasskeyService VerifyReg] Constructed verificationOptions: ${JSON.stringify(verificationOptions)}`); // Log options before verification
 
         let verification: VerifiedRegistrationResponse;
         try {
-             verification = await verifyRegistrationResponse(verificationOptions);
+            console.log('[PasskeyService VerifyReg] Calling @simplewebauthn/server verifyRegistrationResponse...');
+            verification = await verifyRegistrationResponse(verificationOptions);
+            console.log(`[PasskeyService VerifyReg] verifyRegistrationResponse returned: verified=${verification.verified}, registrationInfo exists=${!!verification.registrationInfo}`); // Log verification result
         } catch (error: any) {
             console.error('Passkey 注册验证时发生异常:', error);
             // Provide more context in the error
@@ -115,19 +121,17 @@ export class PasskeyService {
         // --- 结束日志记录 ---
 
         if (verification.verified && verification.registrationInfo) {
-            const registrationInfo = verification.registrationInfo as any;
-            // --- 移除日志记录 ---
-            // console.log('[PasskeyService] Extracted registrationInfo:', JSON.stringify(registrationInfo, null, 2));
-            // console.log('[PasskeyService] credentialPublicKey type:', typeof registrationInfo.credentialPublicKey, 'value:', registrationInfo.credentialPublicKey);
-            // console.log('[PasskeyService] credentialID type:', typeof registrationInfo.credentialID, 'value:', registrationInfo.credentialID);
-            // --- 结束日志记录 ---
-            // const { credentialPublicKey, credentialID, counter } = registrationInfo; // <-- 移除错误的解构
+            const registrationInfo = verification.registrationInfo as any; // Keep type assertion for now
+            console.log(`[PasskeyService VerifyReg] Verification successful. Extracted registrationInfo: ${JSON.stringify(registrationInfo)}`); // Log extracted info
+
+            // Log the critical fields BEFORE using them
+            console.log(`[PasskeyService VerifyReg] BEFORE Buffer.from(credentialID): Type=${typeof registrationInfo.credentialID}, Value=${registrationInfo.credentialID}`);
+            console.log(`[PasskeyService VerifyReg] BEFORE Buffer.from(credentialPublicKey): Type=${typeof registrationInfo.credentialPublicKey}, Value=${registrationInfo.credentialPublicKey}`);
+
             const counter = registrationInfo.counter; // 直接获取 counter
 
             // --- 直接使用 registrationInfo 的属性 ---
-            // console.log('[PasskeyService] BEFORE Buffer.from(credentialID): Type=', typeof registrationInfo.credentialID, 'Value=', registrationInfo.credentialID); // <-- 移除日志
             const credentialIdBase64Url = Buffer.from(registrationInfo.credentialID).toString('base64url');
-            // console.log('[PasskeyService] BEFORE Buffer.from(credentialPublicKey): Type=', typeof registrationInfo.credentialPublicKey, 'Value=', registrationInfo.credentialPublicKey); // <-- 移除日志
             const publicKeyBase64Url = Buffer.from(registrationInfo.credentialPublicKey).toString('base64url');
 
             // 获取 transports 信息